Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, such as intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors, may worsen with age if an individual does not undergo treatment.
OCD is a mental health condition that causes recurring intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. These symptoms can significantly interfere with daily life, causing distress and impairment in functioning.
While OCD can occur during childhood, it often occurs during puberty or early adulthood. A common question among those living with the condition is whether OCD can worsen with age. In this article, we delve into this question, exploring what OCD is, potential reasons for worsening symptoms, available treatments, and getting help.
OCD symptoms
Various factors can influence whether OCD worsens with age, including individual characteristics, environmental stressors, comorbid conditions — which refer to accompanying health conditions, and the availability and utilization of treatment.
OCD is a chronic mental health condition that causes obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions are persistent intrusive or unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that cause significant anxiety or distress. Some common obsessions include:
- fears of contamination
- worries about safety or harm
- concerns about order or symmetry
- perfectionism
- unwanted sexual thoughts
Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that occur in response to obsessions, often to reduce anxiety or prevent an outcome that an individual fears. Examples of compulsions include:
- excessive washing and cleaning, including handwashing
- checking, for example, gas or taps
- counting
- hoarding or collecting
- monitoring the body for symptoms
- repeating acts
- mental compulsions, such as repeating words or prayers
As individuals with OCD age, they may experience an increase in the severity of their symptoms. Various factors can cause OCD symptoms to worsen, including changes in brain chemistry, life stressors, and co-occurring medical or psychiatric conditions.
Additionally, the natural progression of OCD may lead to the development of new obsessions and compulsions or intensifying existing ones.
Several factors may contribute to the worsening of OCD symptoms with age. Changes in brain structure and function, particularly in regions involved in controlling emotions and decision-making,
- trauma
- loss
- major transitions
- stress
Co-occurring mental health conditions may also contribute to the worsening of OCD. Approximately 90% of adults with OCD also experience at least one other comorbid condition. Some common conditions that can co-occur alongside OCD include:
If an individual is experiencing worsening OCD symptoms, it is essential to seek help from a qualified mental health professional.
A thorough evaluation can help determine the most appropriate treatment approach and support according to a person’s needs and circumstances.
There are a variety of treatment options available for individuals with OCD, depending on their symptoms and the extent to which they affect the person’s life. Seeking help from a mental health specialist is essential for managing OCD effectively and preventing it from worsening over time.
Treatment options for OCD may include:
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): This treatment is a type of psychotherapy. This technique aims to help people find new ways to behave by changing their thought patterns. CBT typically involves cognitive therapy and
exposure and response prevention (ERP) , a structured approach that helps individuals confront their fears and reduce compulsive behaviors. - Medications: Several medications can help treat OCD, including
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) . These are a type of antidepressant that can help alleviate symptoms of OCD, including intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.
While OCD can be a difficult chronic condition to live with, many individuals can experience significant improvement with treatment. Without treatment, symptoms of moderate or severe OCD may not improve and can worsen over time.
With proper intervention and support, individuals can effectively manage their symptoms and live fulfilling lives. Patience and persistence in seeking treatment are crucial, as progress often requires time and dedication.
Anyone who may be experiencing worsening OCD symptoms needs to receive professional care and guidance. Support groups, both in-person and online, can provide valuable peer support and encouragement.
Additionally, involving loved ones in treatment can help foster understanding and provide practical assistance. Individuals with OCD should remember that they are not alone and there are resources available to help throughout the journey to recovery.
For some individuals, OCD may worsen with age due to individual characteristics, environmental stressors, and comorbid conditions. Nonetheless, with effective treatment and management strategies, individuals can mitigate and ease the severity of their symptoms. Essential steps in symptom management include understanding the nature of OCD, seeking appropriate assistance, and accessing evidence-based treatments such as psychotherapy and medication.
Without intervention, OCD symptoms have the potential to worsen over time. However, with commitment and support, individuals having issues with OCD can experience significant improvements in their quality of life. Those with OCD can aim to seek help from a qualified mental health professional as a step toward recovery.